4-5 double spaced pages on the impact of walls (both city walls and border walls) on European civilization to 1500.
REQUIRED READING:
WALLS: A HISTORY OF CVILIZATION IN BLOOD AND BRICK, pages 15-46, 63-80, 93-130, and 163-174
If you are using an electronic edition without page numbers, you can skip the introduction and any chapters devoted to China or set in the period after the fall of Constantinople.