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“Managing Growth and Development: Challenges and Solutions for Local Governments”

Part 1).
Imagine you are a planner for a small local government. The government is so small that you are responsible for all aspects of planning. The state has announced plans for a new highway that will dissect your town. The nearest planned exit will be 10 miles west and 16 miles east of your town. What are your major concerns with this highway and what possible solutions do you see to manage these concerns?
Part 2).
During the Great Recession of 2007 and 2008, the city of Richmond, CA has a large number of foreclosed homes. In addition to being foreclosed they have lost significant value. In other words, they are underwater and the homes are worth a lot less than are still owed on them. The city sees this as a major concern and has discussed using eminent domain to take the foreclosed homes from the banks and essentially arrange with the homeowners to stay in their homes by selling the house to them at the current value. This would keep people in their homes. The banks, who hold the mortgages, would need to be compensated for their loss. The city is taking real property so they argue that eminent domain is appropriate. The banks obviously disagree.
Based on what you read about takings and the use of eminent domain, is this an appropriate use of eminent domain? Why or why not?
Part 3).
In your opinion:
What level of government should tax Internet sales?
Should Internet sales be included in the general sales tax base, tax separately as an excise tax or completely excluded from taxation? Defend your opinion.
Part 4).
After learning about service charges and regulatory fees, and researching how you are personally assessed them in your monthly bills, now research your local city and/or county (Port St. Lucie, FL) to identify as service fee or regulatory charge that they as a local government pass on to you the citizen. In your post, explain what city/county, what the fee is, what department assesses it and what the revenue from that fee supports. (Hint: go to your county parks and recreation, solid waste or utilities department website to find this).
Part 5).
Local governments have taken an aggressive approach to the use of tax incentives to promote economic development.
What effect do tax incentives have on economic development at the local level?
Under what circumstances should tax incentives be used?
Briefly summarize, in your opinion, the policies and procedures that a local government should have in place before using tax incentives.

Title: Meeting the Needs of 9th and 10th Graders: The Importance of Ethos and Addressing Counterarguments

Title: “Illuminating Mental Health: The Impact of Public Lighting Design in Rafina, Greece”

“Unveiling My Purpose: A Personal Reflection on My Academic Journey”

“Celebrating Family Reunions: Bringing Together Generations with Technology”

Title: “Illuminating Mental Health: The Impact of Public Lighting Design on Residents in Rafina, Greece”

1
A Scope Management Plan is
contained in or is a part of the ____________ .
Project Charter
WBS
Project Schedule
Risk Breakdown Structure
2
The tasks or work packages
in the WBS should not require either time or the expenditure of funds.
True
False
3
Which of the following can
be considered a project?
The operation of an
automobile production line that produces 400 autos every day.
An outpatient clinic that
processes over one hundred blood samples every week.
Yearly changeover at an
automobile manufacturing plant from one model year to the next.
All of the above
4
Project scope is very
difficult to determine during the early stages of an extreme project.
True
False
5
Which of the following is
not considered part of a project plan?
Requirements planning
Team selection
Scheduling
All of the above are
required
6
A Risk Breakdown Structure
is limited to Project Management and Organizational sources of risk.
True
False
7
The Earned Value Method is
an important management tool and is used primarily in which of the following
Process Groups.
Initiating
Planning
Executing
Monitoring and Control
8
A ___________ plan is used
when a foreseen risk becomes a reality.
network mitigation
alternative
risk breakdown
contingency
9
A project network has been
completed including the Early Start, Early Finish, Late Start and Late Finish
times for all activities. The critical path has been identified. If there are
no constraints as to when the project must be completed, the critical activities
on the critical path will have _______ slack.
zero
zero or negative
negative
not enough information
given
10
The highest costs
associated with a project normally occur during the _________ phase of the
project.
initiation
planning
executing
closing
11
Which of the following
statements is true about the Project Steering Committee?
A group responsible for
identifying and prioritizing strategic projects.
A group of independent
advisers who are capable of monitoring a project and determining what needs to
be done to achieve that project’s goals and objectives.
A group of top level
executives whose primary function is to cancel projects that fail to meet
objectives.
A group of stakeholders
whose responsibility it is to arrange initial financing.
12
IF the tasks in a WBS do
not include the tasks implied by the scope statement, then the WBS is not
complete.
True
False
13
A planning process that
identifies the threats to a project and has as its objective the reduction in
the probability of these threats is called _________________ .
Scope Control
Schedule Decomposition
Control Enhancement
Risk Mitigation
14
Which of the
following project management approaches is used when the goal of the project is
clear but the it is not clear how to reach that goal.
Agile
Traditional
Waterfall
Extreme
15
If an activity takes 2
weeks to complete and has a latest finish time of 10 weeks then the Latest it
can start is week _________ .
12
8
0
Not enough information
given.
16
Which of the following is
true about a Work Breakdown Structure.
The smallest most
manageable contents of a project are shown at the top of the WBS.
Work is decomposed into
manageable work packages with sufficient detail to facilitate the assignment,
monitoring and control of work.
There are seldom more that
than two levels in the WBS.
The scope expressed in the
WBS will always be greater than the scope expressed in requirements analysis.
17
A scheduled activity on
the critical path is referred to as a _____________ activity.
critical
slack
constraint
essential
18
When a organization
reaches an agreement with a vendor to provide services at a fixed cost this is
an example of ___________________ .
risk assurance
transferring the risk
avoiding the risk
distributing the risk
19
In a project
network, slack associated with an activity can be calculated by subtracting the
latest the activity can finish from the latest it can be started.
True
False
20
Schedule Variance in
dollars is the difference between what was planned to be spent (Planned Value)
at a specific point in the schedule and what was actually earned (Earned Value)
for that period.
True
False
21
During the planning
process, Surveys should not be used when it is necessary to collect data from
many individuals.
True
False
22
If an activity takes 21
weeks and the earliest it can start is week 41, when is the latest it can start
if it is on the critical path.
Week 41
Week 52
Week 62
Not enough information
given.
23
Which of the following
terms is used to describe a result that must be achieved at the completion of
steps, a phase or a complete project?
Product
Outcome
Deliverable
Service
24
Planned value (PV)
is the authorized budget assigned to the work to be accomplished. It is equal
to _____________ .
actual cost (AC)
earned value (EV)
both of the above
none of the above
25
Which of the
following is not one of the six steps in risk management.
Source
Identification
Response
Assignment of risk
manager
Risk Management Plan
26
Requirements Planning is
most associated with the development of the ____________.
business plan
project network
project charter
project monitoring and
control plan
27
How many predecessor
activities are allowed for a given activity?
None
One
Greater than one but less
than three.
There is no limit.
28
Project managers have the
highest level of authority and the most power in the _________ organizational
structure
projectized
matrix
functional
traditional
29
Because projects are
considered temporary they do not necessarily have a clear beginning and end.
True
False
30
_____________ is the
term used to describe the criteria including performance requirements and
essential conditions that must be met before project deliverables are accepted
by the client.
objectives
acceptance criteria
contract
deliverables
strategic goals
31
______________ is a
process for reducing the likelihood of occurrence or impact of a risk to below
an acceptable threshold.
Risk elimination
Risk mitigation
Quality enforcement
Event mitigation
32
The term Timebox is used
in the______________ approach to project management.
Traditional
Waterfall
Agile
Extreme
33
A ______________ is one of
two terms used to describe an intermediate-level deliverable that is specified
at the end of each branch in the WBS.
outcome
final deliverable
work package
assigned step
34
You are involved in
estimating the time it will take to implement a new software package. You have
learned that the most likely time will be 60 days. The pessimistic or longest
it should take would be 72 days. If everything goes well the shortest possible
time is 48 days. What is the weighed average or expected time using the beta
(also called three-point method) distribution?
30
54
60
66
35
A ___________________
formally authorizes a project or a phase of the project and documents
requirements and stakeholder needs and expectations.
Initiation document
Stakeholder’s Agreement
Project Statement
Project Charter
36
One of the advantages of a
Projectized form of business organization is that team members are more likely
to focus on the _______________________________.
functional areas needs of
the business such as marketing or supply chain management.
cost of executing project
activities
needs of clients
guidance offered by top
management
37
The process of compressing
a schedule to shorten the total project schedule is called ___________. One
example of a strategy to accomplish this goal is the assignment of additional
human resources to the project.
Crashing
Variance Minimization
Containment
Expediting
38
Undertaking a competitive
analysis to better understand the market into which a proposed product will be
introduced would be classified as a project.
True
False
39
Two major classifications
of project organization are ______________ and _______________ .
traditional, contemporary
agile, ad-hoc
Ad-hoc, contemporary
traditional, agile
40
Because on-time completion
of a project is so important, monitoring usually focuses only on the project
schedule.
True
False
41
The requirements
gathering process is best undertaken by top management since they are the ones
who best understand a project’s needs.
True
False
42
A project to design a new
smart phone has been approved. Its objective is to help insurance company
customers select the best insurance policy for their needs. Stakeholders in the
project would include which of the following?
Insurance Salespeople
Marketing manager at the
insurance company
Top management at an
insurance company
All of the above
43
A Project Life Cycle can
include many phases or sub-projects.
True
False
44
A Work Breakdown Structure
has been completed. The project team is now collecting estimated activity
duration times so that a schedule can be created. To estimate each activity
several people who are responsible for completing the activities in the project
are asked for time estimates. But as the team collects these estimated times
they find considerable variance from one person’s estimate to another’s. Some
have been more ambitious than others in determining what needs to be done.
Which additional document would help clarify the situation?
Risk Breakdown Structure
Schedule
Scope Statement
Business Case
45
The project sponsor
is responsible for approving the project budget.
True
False
46
In a Work Breakdown
Structure the deliverable to the client or customer is found at the bottom of
the inverted tree.
True
False
47
Which of the
following techniques is used to identify and discuss project ideas, risk,
feasibility and problem solutions?
Targeting
Brainstorming
Delphi Technique
Interviewing
48
The boundaries associated
with a project are defined in the __________________ .
Scope statement
Metrics plan
Stakeholder plan
Resource requirements plan
49
An activity in a
project network can begin only after all of its predecessors have been
completed.
True
False
50
Which of the
following defines the functions and features that a project plan must deliver?
Primary function
plan
Risk breakdown
structure
Schedule
None of the above
51
A business case, sometimes
called a problem statement, is not a required part of a project plan since it
must be presented before the project is even considered.
True
False
52
If you know that an
activity on the critical path has a latest finish time of 12 weeks and the
activity takes 5 weeks to complete, then the earliest finish time is ________
weeks
12
7
19
Not enough information
given.
53
The project schedule is
primarily used to determine all of the following except _______________ .
cost estimates
activity start times
activity end dates
slack times
54
A critical path within a
project network is defined by that path that has the greatest slack times for
each of the activities.
True
False
55
A Gantt Chart does not
display ________________ .
early start and late start
times
a critical path
the sequencing of
activities
the duration of an
activity
56
Activity H will take
11 weeks to complete. It has 2 predecessors, activities F and G. The earliest
that F can be completed is week 15 while the earliest that G can be completed
is week 10. When is the earliest activity H can be completed?
25
26
30
None of the above
57
The traditional
approach in project management is also referred to as the _________________
approach.
Agile
Extreme
Scrum
Waterfall
58
Outsourcing is a
common strategy used to shorten a project schedule.
True
False
59
A continuous process
is no different from a project.
True
False
60
A ______________ is a
deliverable-oriented hierarchical chart that decomposes the work that needs to
be accomplished?
Work Breakdown Structure
Scope Diagram
Risk Breakdown Structure
Requirements Structure
61
A world-wide effort to
eradicate an Ebola virus outbreak would best be described as a
_____________________ .
continuous process
project
targeted process
sub-project
62
A WBS is a schedule.
True
False
63
The work flow in a project
network diagram is from right to left.
True
False
64
A _____________ displays
scheduled activities along a time line. The length of the bar is based on the
length of time the activity will take
Gantt chart
Schedule Bar Chart
Histogram
Activity chart
65
The only project
dimension that cannot be quantified is quality.
True
False
66
Which of the following
steps is most helpful in creating an effective project schedule?
Monitoring plan
Work Breakdown Structure
Risk Breakdown Structure
Earned Value Method
67
When a project is
divided into phases or sub-projects, each one of the phases or sub-projects
will involve the five process groups.
True
False
68
In which of the
following areas is the concept of Key Performance Indicators used?
scheduling
cost estimation
monitoring
closing
69
Which of the following is
a tool used to secure expert judgment when collecting time estimates for the
development a project schedule?
Peer review
Delphi technique
expected value technique
stakeholder questionnaire
70
Every activity on a
project network diagram must have a unique identification code or number.
True
False
71
Large projects are
often broken down into _________ projects for the purpose of making the project
more manageable.
mini
sub
related
hierarchical
72
When the execution of a
project is shared across several organizations this is an example of
___________________ .
Risk Leveling
transferring the risk
avoiding the risk
distributing the risk
73
Which of the following
would be used to display the length of time required to complete each activity
in a project?
Work Breakdown Structure
Process flow chart
Gantt chart
Time line chart
74
The ___________________ is
most likely to be positioned at the highest level in the organization, often
located at corporate headquarters, and responsible for identifying, and
prioritizing project ideas.
Project Management Office
(PMO)
Program Office (PO)
Project Steering Office
(PSO)
Stakeholder Advisory
Office (SAO)
75
A perfectly
controlled project that ended exactly as predicted would have both the Cost
Variance and Schedule Variance in Time equal to zero.
True
False
76
The Project
Management Institute (PMI) defines the __________________ as a collection of
proven practices that are widely applied by professionals to practice the
profession of Project management
Project Management
Skill Set (PMSS)
Project Methodology
Framework (PMF)
Project Management
Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)
Work Breakdown
Process (WBP)
77
During a stakeholder
meeting you learn that a project is 15% under the cumulative costs that have
been budgeted for that project to that point in time. Which of the following is
true?
The project is very likely
to be completed within the approved budget.
The project is over budget
A major cost increase is
very likely to be incurred in the future.
This information is not
sufficient to assess project performance.
78
When a client requires
that a project must be outlined in a specific way, this is an example of a
project ______________ .
statement
constraint
requirements
necessity
79
A formal Monitoring and
Control plan needs to be created only when it becomes clear that the project is
likely to encounter problems in meeting its schedule and budget obligations.
True
False
80
Risk mitigation is
one of the six steps in risk management
True
False
81
A ___________ activity is
one that follows a predecessor activity.
post predecessor
successor
follow-on
subsequent
82
The cost of making
changes to a project deliverable is lowest at the end of a project and highest
at the beginning of the project.
True
False
83
A product life cycle
can involve many projects.
True
False
84
A project is in its 17th
week and has just completed activity H. The total costs to complete the project
through activity H was budgeted as $47,600. According to the project plan,
activity H was to be completed by week 18. The actual costs incurred to complete
the project through activity H was $52,100. Which of the following statements
is true?
The project is over budget
but within the time schedule.
The project is over budget
and taking longer than specified on the schedule.
The project is on budget
and on schedule.
There is not enough
information to determine if the project is on schedule.
85
It is not necessary to
manage the scope of a project as long as a scope statement has been approved by
top management and agreed upon by the project manager at the project planning
stage.
True
False
86
Which of the following
would be true about earned value for a project that has been under control over
the duration of the project?
It starts out at zero and
increases towards the end of the project at which time earned value should
equal the total budget value of the project.
It should always be less
than actual value
It declines over the
course of the project
it does not change over
the course of the project as long as the project in on schedule.
87
In a WBS, a task in the
inverted tree is deliverable to it next highest level.
True
False
88
A scheduled activity that
has a low total float is called a _______________ .
mini-floater
near critical activity
critical activity
milestone activity
89
Which of the following
would be responsible for the centralized and coordinated efforts of all
projects in the organizations.
Project Management Office
Stakeholder Board
Chief Information officer
Project Management
Committee
90
Which of the following
represents a common coding scheme for a WBS?
A,B,C,D ….
1.1, 1.11,1.111, …
A1, A2, A3, …
1/22, 1/22, 1/23, …
91
Product and project
life-cycles are almost always the same.
True
False
92
When a project team member
reports to both a functional manager and a project manager, this form of
organization is referred to as a ________________ organization.
Matrix
Projectized
Functional
Traditional
93
A project can
deliver a _______________________ .
product
service
report
All of the above
94
A company is organized in
such a way that project teams include members that report directly to their
functional area managers (marketing, operations etc.) and not to a project
manager. This form of project organization is referred to as a ______________ .
Interdisciplinary
Projectized
Traditional
Functional
95
“Begin Data
Collection” is not an appropriate way to define a task in a WBS.
True
False
96
Which of the following
best describes the activities that occur during the “Executing” phase of a
project?
Project plans are put into
action.
Project performance
measures are compared with expected performance
Project plans are
developed
Projects receive approval
from the executive branch of the organization.
97
Evaluation of new project
management software would be the responsibility of the Program Office.
True
False
98
The beta distribution
(also called the three point method) is useful when estimating activity
completion times because it requires three estimates rather than one. It is
particularly useful because it forces the person making these estimates to
think about the worst-case, most likely and best-case scenarios.
True
False
99
At a particular date
in the schedule, Planned value is 400,000 and Earned value is 300,000. The
Schedule Variance in dollars is _____________ .
100,000
-100000
400000
300000
100
A project is in its 17th
week and has just completed activity H. The total costs to complete the project
through activity H was budgeted as $47,600. According to the project plan,
activity H was to be completed by week 18. The actual costs incurred to complete
the project through activity H was $52,100. Which of the following tools should
be used to help determine whether or not the project is on schedule and within
budget?
Project Scope Chart
Work Breakdown Structure
Project Network Diagram
Earned Value method

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